Colorado School Discipline Laws & Regulations: Alternative placements

Discipline Compendium

Colorado School Discipline Laws & Regulations: Alternative placements

Category: Exclusionary Discipline: Suspension, Expulsion, and Alternative Placement
Subcategory: Alternative placements
State: Colorado

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LAWS

22-33-105. Suspension, expulsion, and denial of admission.

(5)(a) Whenever a petition filed in juvenile court alleges that a child at least twelve years of age but under eighteen years of age has committed an offense that would constitute unlawful sexual behavior, as defined in section 16-22-102 (9), C.R.S., or a crime of violence, as defined in section 18-1.3-406, C.R.S., if committed by an adult or whenever charges filed in district court allege that a child has committed such an offense, basic identification information concerning such child and the details of the alleged delinquent act or offense shall be provided immediately to the school district in which the child is enrolled in accordance with the provisions of section 19-1-304 (5), C.R.S. Upon receipt of such information, the board of education of the school district or its designee shall determine whether the student has exhibited behavior that is detrimental to the safety, welfare, and morals of the other students or of school personnel in the school and whether educating the student in the school may disrupt the learning environment in the school, provide a negative example for other students, or create a dangerous and unsafe environment for students, teachers, and other school personnel. The determination may be made in executive session to the extent allowed by section 24-6-402 (4)(h), C.R.S. If the board of education or its designee, in accordance with the provisions of this subsection (5), makes a determination that the student should not be educated in the school, it may proceed with suspension or expulsion in accordance with subsection (2) of this section and section 22-33-106. Alternatively, the board of education or its designee may determine that it will wait until the conclusion of the juvenile proceedings to consider the expulsion matter, in which case it shall be the responsibility of the district to provide the student with an appropriate alternate education program, including but not limited to an on-line program or on-line school authorized pursuant to article 30.7 of this title, or a home-based education program during the period pending the resolution of the juvenile proceedings. Information made available to the school district and not otherwise available to the public pursuant to the provisions of section 19-1-304, C.R.S., shall remain confidential.

(b) No student who is being educated in an alternate education program or a home-based education program pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection (5) shall be allowed to return to the education program in the public school until there has been a disposition of the charge. If the student pleads guilty, is found guilty, or is adjudicated a delinquent juvenile, the school district may proceed in accordance with section 22-33-106 to expel the student. The time that a student spends in an alternate education program pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection (5) shall not be considered a period of expulsion.

22-33-203. Educational alternatives for expelled students.

(1) Upon expelling a student, the school district shall provide information to the student's parent or guardian concerning the educational alternatives available to the student during the period of expulsion. If the parent or guardian chooses to provide a home-based educational program for the student, the school district shall assist the parent in obtaining appropriate curricula for the student if requested by the parent or guardian.

(2)(a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this subsection (2), upon request of a student or the student's parent or guardian, the school district shall provide, for any student who is expelled from the school district, any educational services that are deemed appropriate for the student by the school district. The educational services provided must be designed to enable the student to return to the school in which he or she was enrolled prior to expulsion, to successfully complete the high school equivalency examination, or to enroll in a nonpublic, nonparochial school or in an alternative school, including but not limited to a charter school or a pilot school established pursuant to article 38 of this title. The expelling school district shall determine the amount of credit the student must receive toward graduation for the educational services provided pursuant to this section.

(b) The educational services provided pursuant to this section are designed to provide a second chance for the student to succeed in achieving an education. While receiving educational services, a student may be suspended or expelled pursuant to the conduct and discipline code of the school district providing the educational services and the provisions of part 1 of this article. Except as required by federal law, the expelling school district is not required to provide educational services to any student who is suspended or expelled while receiving educational services pursuant to this section until the period of the suspension or expulsion is completed.

(c)(I) Educational services provided pursuant to this section shall be provided by the expelling school district; except that the expelling school district may provide educational services either directly or in cooperation with one or more other school districts, boards of cooperative services, charter schools, nonpublic, nonparochial schools, or pilot schools established pursuant to article 38 of this title under contract with the expelling school district. Any program of educational services provided by a nonpublic, nonparochial school shall be subject to approval by the state board of education pursuant to section 22-2-107.

(II) Educational services may be provided by the school district through agreements entered into pursuant to section 22-33-204. The expelling school district need not provide the educational services on school district property. Any expelled student receiving educational services shall be included in the expelling school district's pupil enrollment as defined in section 22-54-103 (10).

(d) If an expelled student is receiving educational services delivered by a school district other than the expelling school district, by a charter school in a school district other than the expelling school district, by a board of cooperative services, by a nonpublic, nonparochial school, or by a pilot school pursuant to an agreement entered into pursuant to subparagraph (I) of paragraph (c) of this subsection (2), the expelling school district shall transfer ninety-five percent of the district per pupil revenues, as defined in section 22-30.5-112 (2)(a.5)(II) to the school district, charter school, nonpublic, nonparochial school, board of cooperative services, or pilot school that is providing educational services, reduced in proportion to the amount of time remaining in the school year at the time the student begins receiving educational services.

(e) Any school district, charter school, nonpublic, nonparochial school, board of cooperative services, or pilot school that is providing educational services to expelled students pursuant to this subsection (2) may apply for moneys through the expelled student services grant program established in section 22-33-205 to assist in providing educational services.

(3) If a student is expelled and the student is not receiving educational services pursuant to this section, the school district shall contact the expelled student's parent or guardian at least once every sixty days until the beginning of the next school year to determine whether the student is receiving educational services from some other source; except that the school district need not contact a student's parent or guardian after the student is enrolled in another school district or in an independent or parochial school or if the student is committed to the department of human services or is sentenced pursuant to ARTICLE 2.5 OF TITLE 19.

(4) In addition to the educational services required under this section, a student who is at risk of suspension or expulsion or has been suspended or expelled, or the student's parent or guardian, may request any of the services provided by the school district through an agreement entered into pursuant to section 22-33-204, and the school district may provide such services.

22-33-204. Services for at-risk students–agreements with state agencies and community organizations.

(1) Each school district, regardless of the number of students expelled by the district, may enter into agreements with appropriate local governmental agencies and, to the extent necessary, with the managing state agencies, including the department of human services and the department of public health and environment; with community-based nonprofit and faith-based organizations; with nonpublic, nonparochial schools; with the department of military and veterans affairs; and with public and private institutions of higher education to work with the student's parent or guardian to provide services to any student, or the student's family, who is identified as being at risk of suspension or expulsion or who has been suspended or expelled. Any services provided pursuant to an agreement with a nonpublic, nonparochial school are subject to approval by the state board of education pursuant to section 22-2-107. Services provided through such agreements may include, but are not limited to:

(a) Educational services required to be provided under section 22-33-203 (2) and any educational services provided to at-risk students identified pursuant to section 22-33-202;

(b) Counseling services;

(c) Substance use disorder treatment programs;

(d) Family preservation services.

(e) and (f)(Deleted by amendment, L. 98, p. 570, § 3, effective April 30, 1998.)

(2) At a minimum, each agreement entered into pursuant to this section shall specify the services to be provided under the agreement, the entity that will coordinate and oversee provision of the services, and the responsibilities of each entity entering into the agreement. In addition, each agreement shall require each entity entering into the agreement to contribute the services or funds for the provision of the services specified in the agreement. The agreement shall specify the services or the amount and source of funds that each entity will provide and the mechanism for providing said services or funds.

(3) Each school district shall use a portion of its per pupil revenues to provide services under agreements entered into pursuant to this section for each student who is at risk of suspension or expulsion or who is suspended or expelled. In addition, the school district may use federal moneys, moneys received from any other state appropriation, and moneys received from any other public or private grant to provide said services.

22-37-102. Legislative declaration.

The general assembly hereby finds and declares that the purpose of this article is to provide means for encouraging experimentation in the management of students suspended from public schools or facility schools and to evaluate programs that will provide continuous education, supervision, and discipline to suspended students in order to maintain the education of a suspended student and prevent the continuation of disruptive behavior, further suspension, or expulsion of the student.

22-37-104. Qualification.

(1) An eligible participant may submit a proposal to the state board for a grant for the development of a program under this article, which may involve selected grade levels within a public school or facility school.

(2) A program shall:

(a) Provide supervision, discipline, counseling, and continuous education for a suspended student with the goal of maintaining the education of a suspended student and preventing further disruptive behavior, subsequent suspension, or expulsion.

22-7-604.5. Alternative education campuses–criteria–application–rule-making–definition.

(1) A public school may apply to the state board for designation as an alternative education campus. The state board shall adopt rules specifying the criteria and application process for a public school to be designated an alternative education campus. The rules must include but need not be limited to:

(a) Criteria that a public school must meet to be designated an alternative education campus, including but not limited to the following:

(I) Having a specialized mission and serving a special needs or at-risk population;

(II) Being an autonomous public school;

(III) Having an administrator who is not under the supervision of an administrator at another public school;

(IV) Having a budget separate from any other public school;

(V) Having nontraditional methods of instruction delivery; and

(VI)(A) Serving students who have severe limitations that preclude appropriate administration of the assessments administered pursuant to section 22-7-1006.3;

(B) Serving a student population in which more than ninety percent of the students have an individualized education program pursuant to section 22-20-108 or meet the definition of a high-risk student contained in subsection (1.5) of this section, or any combination of these two criteria that equals at least ninety percent of the student population; or

(C) Serving students who attend on a part-time basis and who come from other public schools where the part-time students are counted in the enrollment of the other public school; except that the results of the assessments administered pursuant to section 22-7-1006.3 to all part-time students and high-risk students as defined in subsection (1.5) of this section must be used in determining the levels of attainment on the performance indicators for the public school for which the student is counted for enrollment purposes;

(D)(Deleted by amendment, L. 2010, (SB 10-154), ch. 157, p. 541, § 1, effective April 21, 2010.)

(b) A procedure for a district school board to request that the state board designate a public school of the school district as an alternative education campus; and

(c)(Deleted by amendment, L. 2009, (SB 09-163), ch. 293, p. 1520, § 2, effective May 21, 2009.)

(d) A procedure for a district school board to appeal to the state board a denial of a request for designation.

(1.5) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires, a "high-risk student" means a student enrolled in a public school who:

(a) Has been committed to the department of human services following adjudication as a juvenile delinquent or is in detention awaiting disposition of charges that may result in commitment to the department of human services;

(b) Has dropped out of school or has four excused or unexcused absences from public school in any one month or ten excused or unexcused absences from public school during any school year. Absences due to suspension or expulsion of a student are considered absences for purposes of this paragraph (b).

(c) Has been expelled from school or engaged in behavior that would justify expulsion;

(d) Has a documented history of personal drug or alcohol use or has a parent or guardian with a documented substance use disorder;

(e) Has a documented history of personal street gang involvement or has an immediate family member with a documented history of street gang involvement;

(f) Has a documented history of child abuse or neglect, has been adjudicated a ward of the court, or has been involved in the foster care system;

(g) Has a parent or guardian in prison or on parole or probation or has experienced the loss of a parent or sibling;

(h) Has a documented history of domestic violence in the immediate family;

(i) Has a documented history of repeated school suspensions;

(j) Is a parent or pregnant woman under the age of twenty years;

(k) Is a migrant child, as defined in section 22-23-103 (2);

(l) Is a homeless child, as defined in section 22-1-102.5 (2)(a);

(m) Has a documented history of a mental health disorder or behavioral issue or has experienced significant trauma; or

(n) Is over traditional school age for his or her grade level and lacks adequate credit hours for his or her grade level.

(2)(a) A district school board for a public school that desires to be considered an alternative education campus pursuant to this section shall file with the state board a request for designation as an alternative education campus. The request shall be in a form approved by the state board and shall contain sufficient information to establish that the public school meets the requirements of the rules adopted pursuant to paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section. The state board shall approve the designation of alternative education campus for any public school for which a request is filed pursuant to this subsection (2) that is found by the state board to meet the requirements of the rules adopted pursuant to paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section.

(2.5)(a) The department shall annually review the performance of each alternative education campus based on the criteria specified by rule of the state board pursuant to section 22-11-210 (1)(b) and shall recommend to the commissioner and the state board whether the alternative education campus shall adopt a performance, improvement, priority improvement, or turnaround plan, as said plans are described in sections 22-11-403 to 22-11-406. Based on the recommendations, the state board, pursuant to section 22-11-210 (2), shall notify each alternative education campus and its district school board, or the institute if the alternative education campus is an institute charter school, of the type of plan the alternative education campus shall adopt. In adopting its plan, each alternative education campus shall comply with the provisions of sections 22-11-403 to 22-11-406, as applicable.

(b) The district school board for an alternative education campus or the institute, if the alternative education campus is an institute charter school, shall specify the accreditation category for the alternative education campus in accordance with the accreditation process adopted by the district school board or the institute pursuant to section 22-11-307.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 22-11-503, the school performance report for an alternative education campus shall include the information specified by rule of the state board that will effectively communicate to the parents of students enrolled in the alternative education campus and to the public the performance of the alternative education campus and the performance of students enrolled in the alternative education campus.

(e)(I) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2.5)(a) of this section, for the 2021-22 school year, the department shall not review the performance of each alternative education campus based on the criteria specified in state board rule nor recommend to the commissioner of education, as described in section 22-11-210, regarding whether the alternative education campus shall adopt a performance, improvement, priority improvement, or turnaround plan. For the 2021-22 school year, each alternative education campus shall continue to implement the school plan type that was assigned for the preceding school year.

(II) If required to implement a priority improvement or turnaround plan during the 2020-21 school year on the basis of its plan type for the preceding school year, an alternative education campus may request a plan type for the 2021-22 school year that reflects its level of attainment based on an alternative body of evidence as described in section 22-11-210 (2.6)(b).

(III) This subsection (2.5)(e) is repealed, effective July 1, 2022.

(3)(a) Except as excluded pursuant to section 22-7-1006.3, the results of the assessments administered pursuant to section 22-7-1006.3 to all part-time students attending a school or a program that is designated an alternative education campus pursuant to this section must be included in determining the levels of attainment on the performance indicators achieved by the school to which the student is assigned for enrollment purposes.

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (3), for a part-time student with an individualized education program pursuant to section 22-20-108, the school district in which the student is enrolled, or, in the case of a board of cooperative services, the administrative unit, may designate either the school of residency or the school of attendance as the school to which the student’s scores shall be assigned to determine levels of attainment on the performance indicators.

REGULATIONS

1 CCR 301-57. The administration of accountability for alternative campuses.

1.00 Statement of Basis and Purpose.

Section 22-7-604.5, C.R.S. , requires the State Board to adopt rules specifying the criteria and application process for a school to be designated an alternative education campus and to adopt rules specifying the information that will be used to effectively communicate to parents of students enrolled in an alternative education campus and to the public the performance of the alternative education campus and the performance of students enrolled in the alternative education campus. Section 22-11-210 (1)(b), C.R.S. , requires the State Board to promulgate rules establishing objective, measurable criteria that the Department shall apply in recommending to the State Board that an alternative education campus implement a performance, improvement, priority improvement or turnaround plan or that an alternative education campus shall be subject to restructuring.

2.00 Definitions.

2.01 "Alternative Education Campus" means a public school, including a charter school that receives a designation pursuant to §22-7-604.5(1), C.R.S.

2.02 "Charter School Institute" means the entity created pursuant to §22-30.5-503, C.R.S.

2.03 "Commissioner" means the office of the commissioner of education created and existing pursuant to section 1 of article IX of the state constitution.

2.04 "High-Risk Student" means a student enrolled in a public school who meets the criteria outlined in §22-7-604.5(1.5), C.R.S.

2.05 "Institute charter school" means a charter school that is authorized by the Charter School Institute pursuant to the provisions of part 5 of article 30.5 of title 22, C.R.S.

2.06 "Local school board" means the board of education of a district. "Local school board" also includes the governing board of a Board of Cooperative Education Services, as defined by §22-5-101, C.R.S. , et seq., if the Board of Cooperative Education Services is operating a public school.

2.07 "Public school" shall have the same meaning as provided in §22-1-101, C.R.S. , and includes but is not limited to a district charter school, an Institute Charter School, and an online school as defined in section §22-30.7-102(9.5), C.R.S.

2.08 "State Board" means the State Board of Education established pursuant to section 1 of article IX of the state constitution.

2.09 "Statewide Assessments" means the assessments administered pursuant to the Colorado student assessment program created in § 22-7-409, C.R.S. , or as part of the system of assessments adopted by the State Board pursuant to § 22-7-1006, C.R.S.

3.00 Criteria and Application Process for a School to be Designated an Alternative Education Campus.

3.005 As a result of the Governor's declaration of a state of disaster emergency in the spring of 2020, the suspension of the 2020 Statewide Assessments, and the temporary suspension of normal in-person instruction at public elementary and secondary schools thereafter, the State Board suspends Rules 3.02 and 3.05 for calendar year 2020. The State Board may allow any Public School that was designated as an Alternative Education Campus in school year 2019-2020 to retain that designation in school year 2020-21. Any public school not previously designated as an Alternative Education Campus but seeking such designation for school year 2020-2021 may apply only in accordance with these rules.

3.01 To be designated an Alternative Education Campus, a public school must:

3.01(A) Have a specialized mission and serving a special needs or at-risk population;

3.01(B) Be an autonomous public school, meaning that the school provides a complete instructional program that allows students to proceed to the next grade level or to graduate;

3.01(C) Have an administrator who is not under the supervision of an administrator at another public school;

3.01(D) Have a budget separate from any other public school;

3.01(E) Have nontraditional methods of instruction delivery; and

3.01(F) One of the following:

3.01(F)(i) Serve students who have severe limitations that preclude appropriate administration of the assessments administered pursuant to § 22-7-409, C.R.S. ;

3.01(F)(ii) Serve a student population in which more than ninety percent of the students have an individual education program pursuant to § 22-20-108, C.R.S. or meet the definition of a High-Risk Student, or any combination of these two criteria that equals at least ninety percent of the student population; or

3.01(F)(iii) Serve students who attend on a part-time basis and who come from other public schools where the part-time students are counted in the enrollment of the other public school; except that the results of the assessments administered pursuant to § 22-7-409, C.R.S. , of all part-time students and High-Risk Students shall be used in determining the levels of attainment on the performance indicators for the public school for which the student is counted for enrollment purposes.;

3.02 On or before July 1 of each year, the Institute or local school board for any public school that desires to be designated an Alternative Education Campus pursuant to § 22-7-602, C.R.S. , shall file with the State Board a request for designation as an Alternative Education Campus. A public school may submit an application on its own, with approval from the Institute or local school board. Each request shall contain sufficient information to establish that the public school meets the requirements established by these rules. The application will include the selection of the evaluation measures described in section 3.05 of these rules, below.

3.03 On or before August 20 of each year, the State Board shall approve the designation as an Alternative Education Campus for any public school for which a request has been filed and that is found by the State Board to meet the requirements of these rules.

3.04 If the State Board denies a request for a public school to be designated as an Alternative Education Campus, the public school or the Institute or local school board for the public school, may resubmit the application with any relevant information, within ten (10) business days of the State Board's initial determination. On or before September of each year, the State Board shall reconsider the public school's designation as an Alternative Education Campus and shall issue a final determination on the matter.

3.05 The Department shall annually review the performance of each Alternative Education Campus based on the following indicators, and using the following measures:

3.05(A) Student achievement. Student achievement shall be measured on the Statewide Assessments, if sufficient data is available. If sufficient data on the Statewide Assessments is not available, or if the Alternative Education Campus provides sufficient rationale for why information in addition to the Statewide Assessment data is necessary, student achievement also shall be measured on an alternative standardzed assessment selected by the Alternative Education Campus, agreed to by the local school board for that Alternative Education Campus or the Institute, whichever is applicable, and approved by the De

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