Colorado School Discipline Laws & Regulations: Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions

Discipline Compendium

Colorado School Discipline Laws & Regulations: Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions

Category: Monitoring and Accountability
Subcategory: Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions
State: Colorado

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New in 2024

LAWS

22-1-138. Information collected and posted on department website.

On or before August 31, 2023, the department of education shall standardize the reporting method that school districts, including charter schools of a school district and institute charter schools, use to collect and report data concerning suspensions and expulsions, arrests and referrals, chronic absenteeism, incidents of violence, and harassment and bullying, and the safe school reporting requirements set forth in section 22-32-109.1. In making its determination regarding the standardization, the department of education shall consult with school districts and school administrators, school board members, teachers, law enforcement representatives, school resource officers, K-12 advocates, and other relevant stakeholders. In making its determination, the department of education shall ensure all student-level data is kept confidential and reporting complies with the “Colorado Privacy Act”, established pursuant to part 13 of article 1 of title 6, the federal “Family Educational Rights And Privacy Act of 1974”, 20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g, and the “Student Data Transparency and Security Act”, created pursuant to article 16 of this title 22, which must include the application of data suppression policies to avoid the re-identification of any individual in any public reports. As part of the process, the department of education may consider whether to adopt new reporting categories or require additional or different data to be collected to improve accuracy, consistency, and quality of data.

22-1-139. Accessible district profile reports- school climate reports and surveys - reporting - definitions. 

(1)(a) On or before August 31, 2024, the department of education shall work to develop easily accessible, user-friendly profile reports for each school district and the charter school institute. The reports must be made easily accessible to the general public through a link on the department of education’s website; updated annually; and disaggregated by gender, grade level, ethnicity, disability, English language learner status, free and reduced-price lunch status, and homeless status to the maximum extent possible in compliance with the “Colorado Privacy Act”, established pursuant to part 13 of article 1 of title 6, the federal “Family educational rights and privacy rights act of 1974”, 20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g, and the “Student Data Transparency and Security Act” created pursuant to article 16 of this title 22. To prepare the profile reports, the department of education shall collect the individual student data described in subsection (1)(b) of this section. The department of education shall maintain strict standards for student data privacy, comply with standards for reporting data for a student with an accommodation pursuant to section 504 of the federal “Rehabilitation Act of 1973”, 29 U.S.C. sec. 701 et seq., as amended, and its implementing regulations, or a student with an individualized education plan, and shall not publicly report individual student data for any purpose, including as part of the district profile reports.

(b) The profile reports must include, but are not limited to:

(I) Chronic absenteeism rates;

(II) The number of in-school and out-of-school suspensions;

(III) The number of expulsions;

(IV) The number of students handcuffed;

(V) The number of referrals to law enforcement. As used in this section, “referrals to law enforcement” means when a school employee proactively calls, summons, or requests a law enforcement official, including a school resource officer, to:

(A) Respond to an incident on school grounds involving a possible violation of local, state, or federal law;

(B) Engage with a student or third party on school grounds who is creating a potentially dangerous situation; or

(C) Enforce a local, state, or federal rule, regulation, or law on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or school-sanctioned event;

(VI) The number of school-related arrests, including an arrest that occurs on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or school-sanctioned event;

(VII) The number of students physically restrained; and

(VIII) The number of students placed in seclusion.

(2)(a) The district profiles must include data collected pursuant to section 22-2-112 (1)(u)(I) and any other existing district-level measures that the department of education determines relevant and related to school climate. In developing the profiles, the department of education shall consult with stakeholders, including members of the state advisory council for parent involvement in education, created in section 22-7-303; members of the Colorado special education advisory committee appointed pursuant to section 22-20-104 (2)(a); and stakeholders who represent the disability community; K-12 advocates and students; and representatives of associations representing school executives, school boards, special education directors, charter schools, and teachers.

(b) The department of education may consult with state and national organizations or other states with expertise in measuring and improving students’ experiences at school. By December 31, 2023, the department of education may make recommendations to the state board of education and the general assembly for additional indicators to consider for inclusion in the district profile report, including, but not limited to, measures of student engagement, students’ emotional and physical safety and sense of belonging, and teachers’ perspectives of learning conditions. Recommendations may also leverage information learned from pilot and grant programs related to improving students’ experiences in school.

(3) Beginning in the 2023-24 school year, the department of education shall annually collect information concerning school climate surveys administered to students or families, or school climate tools utilized by schools and school districts, including which survey or tool is used, if any, and how the results of such surveys are made publicly accessible, if at all. The department of education shall include this information in the district profile reports.

22-1-143. Harassment or discrimination - policy required - training and notification - definitions. 

(5)(a) On or before July 1, 2025, and on or before July 1 of each year thereafter, each public school of a school district shall report to the school district, and each institute charter school shall report to the state charter school institute, the following information, aggregated and without personally identifiable information about the parties, from the prior twelve months:

(I) The number of formal harassment or discrimination reports received by the school and the type of bias reported when harassment or discrimination was found; and

(II) The time to complete each investigation and to make findings related to each report.

(b) On or before August 1, 2025, and on or before August 1 of each year thereafter, the state charter school institute and each school district shall report to the department of education the information it received from each school pursuant to subsection (5)(a) of this section.

(c) On or before October 1, 2025, and on or before October 1 of each year thereafter, the department shall report the information received pursuant to this section to the sexual misconduct advisory committee created in section 23-5-147. 

22-2-503. Teaching and learning conditions survey. 

(1) Subject to available appropriations, the department shall administer a biennial teaching and learning conditions survey, referred to in this section as the “survey”, to all preschool teachers, elementary teachers, secondary teachers, and education support professionals in public schools of the state. The survey must be designed to assess, at a minimum:

(d) The relationship, if any, between teaching and learning conditions and measures of school climate, as experienced by students and teachers.

(2) The survey results may be used by schools, school districts, the department, state policymakers, and researchers as a resource for:

(g) Improving ways to measure and improve school climate and teaching and learning environments. 

22-14-105. Assessment of statewide student attendance data–report.

Beginning in the 2009-10 academic year, the office, with assistance from other divisions within the department, shall annually analyze data collected by the department from local education providers throughout the state concerning student attendance and the implementation of school attendance policies and practices and shall assess the overall incidence, causes, and effects of student dropout, engagement, and re-engagement in Colorado. On or before February 15, 2010, and on or before February 15 each year thereafter, the office shall provide to local education providers, the state board, the education committees of the senate and the house of representatives, or any successor committees, and the governor's office the assessment and any recommended strategies to address student dropout, engagement, and re-engagement in Colorado. The office may combine this assessment and recommendation with the report required by section 22-14-111.

22-14-110. State board–rules.

(1) The state board shall promulgate, pursuant to the "State Administrative Procedure Act", article 4 of title 24, such rules as may be necessary to implement the provisions of this article 14. At a minimum, the rules must include:

(a) The rules required pursuant to section 22-14-103 (4) to establish criteria for identifying high priority and priority local education providers;

(b) The rules required pursuant to section 22-14-109 for the student re-engagement grant program;

(b.5) The rules required pursuant to section 22-14-109.5 for the ninth-grade success grant program; and

(c) Rules to define and calculate the following rates:

(I) The student dropout rate;

(II) The graduation rate;

(III) The completion rate;

(IV) The student re-engagement rate;

(V) The truancy rate;

(VI) The student mobility rate;

(VII) The student suspension rate; and

(VIII) The student expulsion rate.

(2) To the extent the state board, as of May 21, 2009, has already promulgated any of the rules specified in subsection (1) of this section, the state board shall review said rules and determine whether they should be revised based on the provisions of this article.

22-32-109.1. Board of education–specific powers and duties–safe school plan–conduct and discipline code–safe school reporting requirements–school response framework–school resource officers–definitions.

(2) Safe school plan. In order to provide a learning environment that is safe, conducive to the learning process, and free from unnecessary disruption, each school district board of education or institute charter school board for a charter school authorized by the charter school institute shall, following consultation with the school district accountability committee and school accountability committees, parents, teachers, administrators, students, student councils where available, and, where appropriate, the community at large, adopt and implement a safe school plan, or review and revise, as necessary in response to any relevant data collected by the school district, any existing plans or policies already in effect. In addition to the aforementioned parties, each school district board of education, in adopting and implementing its safe school plan, may consult with victims' advocacy organizations, school psychologists, local law enforcement, and community partners. The plan, at a minimum, must include the following:

(b) Safe school reporting requirements. A policy whereby the principal of each public school in a school district is required to submit annually, in a manner and by a date specified by rule of the state board, a written report to the board of education of the school district concerning the learning environment in the school during that school year. The board of education of the school district shall annually compile the reports from every school in the district and submit the compiled report to the department of education in a format specified by rule of the state board. The compiled report must be easily accessible by the general public through a link on the department of education's web site homepage. The report must include, but need not be limited to, the following specific information for the preceding school year:

(I) The total enrollment for the school;

(II) The average daily attendance rate at the school;

(III) Dropout rates for grades seven through twelve, if such grades are taught at the school;

(IV) The number of conduct and discipline code violations. Each violation must be reported only in the most serious category that is applicable to that violation, including but not limited to specific information identifying the number of, and the action taken with respect to, each of the following types of violations:

(A) Possessing a dangerous weapon on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event without the authorization of the school or the school district;

(B) Use or possession of alcohol on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event;

(C) Use, possession, or sale of a drug or controlled substance, other than marijuana, on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event;

(C.5) The unlawful use, possession, or sale of marijuana on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event;

(D) Use or possession of a tobacco product on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event;

(E) Being willfully disobedient or openly and persistently defiant or repeatedly interfering with the school's ability to provide educational opportunities to, and a safe environment for, other students;

(F) Commission of an act on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event that, if committed by an adult, would be considered first degree assault, as described in section 18-3-202, C.R.S., second degree assault, as described in section 18-3-203, C.R.S., or vehicular assault, as described in section 18-3-205, C.R.S.;

(G) Behavior on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event that is detrimental to the welfare or safety of other students or of school personnel, including but not limited to behavior that creates a threat of physical or emotional harm to the student or to other students;

(G.5) Bullying;

(H) Willful destruction or defacement of school property;

(I) Commission of an act on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event that, if committed by an adult, would be considered third degree assault, as described in section 18-3-204, C.R.S., or disorderly conduct, as described in section 18-9-106 (1)(d), C.R.S., but not disorderly conduct involving firearms or other deadly weapons, as described in section 18-9-106 (1)(e) and (1)(f), C.R.S.;

(J) Commission of an act on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event that, if committed by an adult, would be considered robbery; and

(K) Other violations of the code of conduct and discipline that resulted in documentation of the conduct in a student's record;

(V) and (VI)(Deleted by amendment, L. 2012.)

(VII) The average class size for each public elementary school, middle school or junior high school, and senior high school in the state calculated as the total number of students enrolled in the school divided by the number of full-time teachers in the school;

(VIII) The school's policy concerning bullying prevention and education, including information related to the development and implementation of any bullying prevention programs; and

(IX) The number of acts of sexual violence on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event. Any information provided as a part of this subparagraph (IX) for the safe school reporting requirements must be reported as aggregate data and must not include any personally identifying information. For the purposes of this subparagraph (IX), "sexual violence" means a physical sexual act perpetrated against a person's will or where a person is incapable of giving consent.

22-32-146. School use of on-site peace officers as school resource officers.

(4) Commencing August 1, 2013, and continuing through August 1, 2014, each law enforcement agency employing or contracting with any law enforcement officer who is acting or has acted in his or her official capacity on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event shall report to the division of criminal justice created in section 24-33.5-502, C.R.S., in aggregate form without personal identifying information, data about the cases handled by the agency on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event. Failure to submit a timely report to the division of criminal justice pursuant to this subsection (4) does not relieve a law enforcement agency of its responsibility to file the report required by this subsection (4). A law enforcement agency that has failed to file a timely report shall file all such reports with the division of criminal justice no later than August 15, 2015. Each such report must include, at a minimum, the following information:

(a) The number of students investigated by the officer for delinquent offenses, including the number of students investigated for each type of delinquent offense for which the officer investigated at least one student;

(b) The number of students arrested by the officer, including the offense for which each such arrest was made;

(c) The number of summonses or tickets issued by the officer to students; and

(d) The age, gender, school, and race or ethnicity of each student whom the officer arrested or to whom the officer issued a summons, ticket, or other notice requiring the appearance of the student in court or at a police station for investigation relating to an offense allegedly committed on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event.

(5)(a) On or before August 1, 2015, each law enforcement agency that is acting or has acted in its official capacity on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event shall report to the division of criminal justice, in the formats developed by the division in conjunction with local law enforcement agencies, the information required pursuant to paragraph (c) of this subsection (5) that is related to all student tickets, summons, or arrests that occurred during the 2014-15 academic year, excluding incidents that occurred during the summer of 2014, at a public elementary school, middle or junior high school, or high school; in a school vehicle; or at a school activity or sanctioned event.

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 19-1-303 (5), C.R.S., on or before August 1, 2016, and every August 1 thereafter, each law enforcement agency that is acting or has acted in its official capacity on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event shall report to the division of criminal justice, in formats developed by the division in conjunction with local law enforcement agencies, the information required pursuant to paragraph (c) of this subsection (5) that is related to all student tickets, summons, or arrests that occurred for the previous academic year, including incidents that occurred during the previous summer months, at a public elementary school, middle or junior high school, or high school; in a school vehicle; or at a school activity or sanctioned event.

(c) For each report required pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this subsection (5), the law enforcement agency shall report:

(I) The student's full name;

(II) The student's date of birth;

(III) The student's race, ethnicity, and gender;

(IV) The name of the school where the incident occurred or the name of the school that operated the vehicle or held the activity or event;

(V) The date of the arrest or taking of a student into custody;

(VI) The date of the issuance of the summons or ticket;

(VII) The arrest or incident report number as recorded by the law enforcement agency;

(VIII) The single most serious offense for which a student is arrested, issued a summons, or issued a ticket using the national crime information center (NCIC) crime code;

(IX) The type of weapon involved, if any, for offenses classified as group A offenses under the national incident-based reporting system; and

(X) The law enforcement agency's originating reporting identifier.

(d) A law enforcement agency may report the information required pursuant to this subsection (5) on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis. The law enforcement agency shall inform the division of criminal justice of the reporting schedule it will follow.

22-32-147. Use of restraints on students–certain restraints prohibited–reports and review process–definitions–rules.

(1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Chemical restraint" has the same meaning as set forth in section 26-20-102 (2).

(b) "Mechanical restraint" has the same meaning as set forth in section 26-20-102 (4).

(c) "Prone position" means a face-down position.

(d) "Prone restraint" means a restraint in which the individual being restrained is secured in a prone position.

(e) "Restraint" has the same meaning as set forth in section 26-20-102 (6).

(2) Pursuant to section 26-20-111, the use of a chemical, mechanical, or prone restraint upon a student in a school or charter school of a school district or board of cooperative services is prohibited.

(3)(a) On and after August 9, 2017, each school district shall require any school employee or volunteer who uses any type of restraint on a student of the school district to submit a written report of the incident to the administration of the school not later than one school day after the incident occurred.

(b) On and after August 9, 2017, each school district shall establish a review process, conduct the review process at least annually, and document the results of each review process in writing. Each annual review process must include a review of each incident in which restraint was used on a student during the preceding year. The purpose of each annual review process is to ensure that the school district is properly administering restraint, identifying additional training needs, minimizing and preventing the use of restraint by increasing the use of positive behavior interventions, and reducing the incidence of injury to students and staff. Each annual review process must include but is not limited to:

(I) Analysis of incident reports, including consideration of procedures used during the restraint, preventative or alternative techniques attempted, documentation, and follow-up;

(II) Training needs of staff;

(III) Staff-to-student ratios; and

(IV) Environmental considerations, including physical space, student seating arrangements, and noise levels. 

(b.5) If a physical restraint is more than one minute but less than five minutes, the notification requirement is a written notice to the parent on the day of the restraint. The written notice must include the date, the name of the student, and the number of restraints that day that lasted between one and five minutes. 

(c) If a physical restraint is five minutes or more, the school administration shall mail, fax, or e-mail a written report of the incident to the parent or legal guardian of the student not more than five calendar days after the use of the restraint on the student. The written report must be placed in the student's confidential file and include:

(I) The antecedent of the student's behavior, if known;

(II) A description of the incident;

(III) Any efforts made to de-escalate the situation;

(IV) Any alternatives to the use of restraints that were attempted;

(V) The type and duration of the restraint used;

(VI) Any injuries that occurred; and

(VII) The staff members who were present and staff members who were involved in administering the restraint.

(4) On or before November 1, 2017, the state board shall promulgate rules establishing a process by which a student or a parent or legal guardian of a student may formally complain about the use of restraint or seclusion by any employee or volunteer of any school or charter school of a school district or board of cooperative services. To the extent practicable, the process must reflect the complaint process for filing a state complaint under the federal "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act", 20 U.S.C. sec. 1400 et seq., as amended.

22-33-105. Suspension, expulsion, and denial of admission.

Beginning in the 2009-10 academic year, the office, with assistance from other divisions within the department, shall annually analyze data collected by the department from local education providers throughout the state concerning student attendance and the implementation of school attendance policies and practices and shall assess the overall incidence, causes, and effects of student dropout, engagement, and re-engagement in Colorado. On or before February 15, 2010, and on or before February 15 each year thereafter, the office shall provide to local education providers, the state board, the education committees of the senate and the house of representatives, or any successor committees, and the governor's office the assessment and any recommended strategies to address student dropout, engagement, and re-engagement in Colorado. The office may combine this assessment and recommendation with the report required by section 22-14-111.

22-33-106.1. Suspension–expulsion–preschool through second grade–definitions.

(1) As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) "Charter school" means a charter school that is authorized by a school district board of education pursuant to part 1 of article 30.5 of this title 22, as it exists prior to July 1, 2023, or through the “Colorado Universal Preschool Program Act”, part 2 of article 4 of title 26.5, or an institute charter school that is authorized by the state charter school institute pursuant to part 5 of article 30.5 of this title 22.

(b) "Enrolling entity" means:

(I) A community-based preschool program that includes students who are funded through the "Colorado Preschool Program Act", article 28 of this title 22, or students who are funded with state or federal money to educate children with disabilities;

(II) A school district; or

(III) A charter school.

(2) Notwithstanding any provision of this article 33 to the contrary, an enrolling entity may impose an out-of-school suspension or expel a student enrolled in preschool, kindergarten, first grade, or second grade only if:

(a) The enrolling entity determines that the student has engaged in conduct on school grounds, in a school vehicle, or at a school activity or sanctioned event that:

(I) Involves the possession of a dangerous weapon without the authorization of the public school or enrolling entity, if different;

(II) Involves the use, possession, or sale of a drug or controlled substance, as defined in section 18-18-102 (5); or

(III) Endangers the health or safety of others;

(b) The enrolling entity determines that failure to remove the student from the school building would create a safety threat that cannot otherwise be addressed; and

(c) The enrolling entity, on a case-by-case basis, considers each of the factors set forth in section 22-33-106 (1.2) before suspending or expelling the student. The enrolling entity shall document any alternative behavioral and disciplinary interventions that it employs before suspending or expelling the student.

(3) If an enrolling entity imposes an out-of-school suspension on a student who meets the criteria specified in subsection (2) of this section, the out-of-school suspension shall not exceed three school days unless the executive officer or chief administrative officer of the enrolling entity, or designee of either, determines that a longer period of suspension is necessary to resolve the safety threat or recommends that the student be expelled in accordance with section 22-33-105 (2)(c).

(4) This section does not prevent an enrolling entity from excluding, removing, or disenrolling a student for reasons unrelated to student discipline.

(5) For purposes of this section, if an enrolling entity requests that a parent remove a child for disciplinary reasons from the school grounds for any length of time during a school day, the request constitutes a suspension and is subject to the requirements of this section.

(6) The state board shall annually review the data concerning the number of students who are suspended or expelled pursuant to this section and, if available, the reasons for the suspensions and expulsions.

22-33-205. Services for expelled and at-risk students–grants–criteria.

(1)(a) There is hereby established in the department of education the expelled and at-risk student services grant program, referred to in this section as the "program". The program shall provide grants to school districts, to charter schools, to alternative schools within school districts, to nonpublic, nonparochial schools, to boards of cooperative services, to facility schools, and to pilot schools established pursuant to article 38 of this title to assist them in providing educational services, and other services provided pursuant to section 22-33-204, to expelled students pursuant to section 22-33-203 (2), to students at risk of expulsion as identified pursuant to section 22-33-202 (1), and to truant students.

(b) In addition to school districts, charter schools, alternative schools within school districts, nonpublic, nonparochial schools, boards of cooperative services, facility schools, and pilot schools, the department of military and veterans affairs may apply for a grant pursuant to the provisions of this section to assist the department with a program to provide educational services to expelled students; except that nonpublic, nonparochial schools may only apply for a grant pursuant to the provisions of this section to fund educational services that have been approved by the state board pursuant to section 22-2-107. The department shall follow application procedures established by the department of education pursuant to subsection (2) of this section. The department of education shall determine whether to award a grant to the department of military and veterans affairs and the amount of the grant.

(c) Grants awarded pursuant to this section shall be paid for out of any moneys appropriated to the department of education for implementation of the program.

(2)(a) The state board by rule shall establish application procedures by which a school district, a charter school, an alternative school within a school district, a nonpublic, nonparochial school, a board of cooperative services, a facility school, or a pilot school may annually apply for a grant under the program. At a minimum, the application shall include a plan for provision of educational services, including the type of educational services to be provided, the estimated cost of providing such educational services, and the criteria that will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational services provided.

(b) The state board shall determine which of the applicants shall receive grants and the amount of each grant. In awarding grants, the state board shall consider the following criteria:

(I) The costs incurred by the applicant in providing educational services to expelled or at-risk students pursuant to the provisions of this part 2 during the school year preceding the school year for which the grant is requested;

(II) (Deleted by amendment, L. 98, p. 570, § 4, effective April 30, 1998.)

(III) The number of expelled, at-risk, or truant students who are receiving educational services through the applicant under agreements entered into pursuant to the provisions of this part 2 during the school year preceding the year for which the grant is requested;

(IV) The quality of educational services to be provided by the applicant under the plan;

(V) The cost-effectiveness of the educational services to be provided under the plan;

(VI) The amount of funding received by the applicant in relation to the cost of the educational services provided under the plan; and

(VII) If the applicant is seeking to renew a grant or has been awarded a grant pursuant to this section in the previous five years, the demonstrated effectiveness of the educational services funded by the previous grant.

(3) The state board shall annually award at least forty-five percent of any moneys appropriated for the program to applicants that provide educational services to students from more than one school district and at least one-half of any increase in the appropriation for the program for the 2009-10 fiscal year to applicants that provide services and supports that are designed to reduce the number of truancy cases requiring court involvement and that also reflect the best interests of students and families. The services and supports shall include, but need not be limited to, alternatives to guardian ad litem representation in truancy proceedings.

(4) The department of education is authorized to retain up to one percent of any money appropriated for the program for the purpose of annually evaluating the program. The department of education is authorized and encouraged to retain up to an additional two percent of any money appropriated for the program for the purpose of partnering with organizations or agencies that provide services and supports that are designed to reduce the number of truancy cases requiring court involvement and that also reflect the best interests of students and families. The services and supports shall include, but need not be limited to, alternatives to guardian ad litem representation in truancy proceedings. Notwithstanding section 24-1-136 (11)(a)(I), on or before January 1, 2006, and on or before January 1 each year thereafter, the department of education shall report to the education committees of the house of representatives and the senate, or any successor committees, the evaluation findings on the outcomes and the effectiveness of the program related to school attendance, attachment, and achievement. The report shall also include specific information on the efficacy of services and supports that provide alternatives to court involvement and guardian ad litem representation in truancy proceedings.

22-93-103. School bullying prevention and education grant program–grant process–reports by grant recipients.

(1) The department shall solicit and review applications from public schools and facility schools for grants pursuant to this section. The department may award grants to public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools for periods of one to three years.

(2) Each application, at a minimum, shall describe how the applicant public school, facility school, or collaborative group of public schools or facility schools will use any awarded grant moneys to reduce the frequency of bullying incidents. Each grant recipient shall use its grant moneys to supplement and not supplant any moneys currently being used by the grant recipient to reduce the frequency of bullying incidents.

(3) The department shall select those public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools that will receive grants pursuant to this section and the duration and amount of each grant. In selecting the grant recipients, the department, at a minimum, shall take into account the criteria established by rules promulgated by the state board pursuant to section 22-93-104 (1)(b).

(4) Notwithstanding section 24-1-136 (11)(a)(I), on or before a date specified by rule of the state board pursuant to section 22-93-104 (1)(d), the department shall submit annually to the state board and to the education committees of the senate and house of representatives, or any successor committees, the following information regarding the administration of the program in the preceding year:

(a) The number of grant recipients that received grants under the program;

(b) The amount of each grant awarded to each grant recipient;

(c) The average amount of each grant awarded under the program;

(d) The number of pupils who are either enrolled at each public school of each grant recipient or receiving services through each facility school of each grant recipient; and

(e) The source and amount of each gift, grant, and donation received by the department for the implementation of this article pursuant to section 22-93-105 (3)(b).

(5) In selecting grant recipients, the department, to the extent possible, shall ensure that grants are awarded to public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools in a variety of geographic areas of the state.

(6) Each grant recipient shall submit a written report to the department not later than six months after the expiration of the term of the grant concerning the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of each use of grant moneys by the grant recipient in reducing the frequency of bullying incidents.

22-93-104. Rules.

(1) On or before April 1, 2012, or not more than ninety days after the department receives sufficient moneys to implement this article as described in section 22-93-102 (2), whichever is later, the state board shall promulgate rules for the administration of this article, including but not limited to:

(a) Application procedures by which public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools may apply for grants pursuant to this article;

(b) Criteria for the department to apply in selecting the public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools that shall receive grants and determining the amount of grant moneys to be awarded to each grant recipient, which criteria, at a minimum, shall require each grant recipient to:

(I) Use awarded grant moneys for purposes that are based upon evidence-based best practices for preventing bullying;

(II) Use at least a portion of awarded grant moneys for the purpose of educating students' parents and legal guardians regarding the grant recipient's policies concerning bullying prevention and education and the grant recipient's ongoing efforts to reduce the frequency of bullying incidents; and

(III) Adopt a specific policy concerning bullying education and prevention that includes:

(A) Provisions for the biennial administration of surveys of students' impressions of the severity of bullying in their schools, the administration of which surveys, at a minimum, shall satisfy the rules promulgated by the state board pursuant to paragraph (c) of this subsection (1); and

(B) The designation of a team of persons at each school of the school district who advise the school administration concerning the severity and frequency of bullying incidents that occur in the school, which team may include, but need not be limited to, law enforcement officials, social workers, prosecutors, health professionals, mental health professionals, counselors, teachers, administrators, parents, and students.

(c) Rules for the administration of surveys of students' impressions of the severity of bullying in their schools, which procedures, at a minimum, shall include:

(I) Procedures for the distribution, collection, standardization, and analysis of data collected in each survey, which procedures shall ensure the confidentiality of each student's answers to the survey and clarify that the completion of a survey shall be voluntary and shall not be required of any student;

(II) Certain questions that each survey shall ask of each student concerning how frequently the student witnesses bullying at his or her school and how frequently the student perceives himself or herself to be a victim of bullying; and

(III) Provisions to ensure that, to the extent practicable, a school district or school, including a district charter school or an institute charter school, may utilize existing forms and procedures in administering the surveys.

(d) The designation of a date by which the department shall annually submit to the state board and to the education committees of the senate and house of representatives, or any successor committees, the information described in section 22-93-103 (4).

24-33.5-503. Duties of division.

(2)(a)(I) On or before April 1, 2016, and every April 1 thereafter, the division has the duty to compile and analyze the data reported by law enforcement agencies and prepare a report, without identifying information, concerning the total number of tickets, summons, or arrests that occurred on school grounds, in school vehicles, or at a school activity or sanctioned event and describe the final disposition of those tickets, summons, or arrests by reporting agency, school, and location. The report must analyze the data by race, age, gender, ethnicity, and the specific type of offense with all national crime information center crime codes. The division of criminal justice shall support law enforcement agencies in their efforts to submit the required data, actively reach out to agencies that have failed to submit the required data and provide a reasonable degree of training if necessary.

(II) Notwithstanding section 24-1-136 (11)(a)(I), the division shall submit the report to the education and judiciary committees of the house of representatives and the senate, or any successor committees. The division shall provide the report to any member of the public upon request, in a manner that does not include any identifying information regarding any student. If the division provides the information to a member of the public upon request pursuant to this subsection (2)(a), the division may charge a fee to the person, which fee shall not exceed the direct and indirect costs incurred by the division in providing the information. If the division adheres to all state and federal privacy and confidentiality laws concerning student information, the division may provide the aggregate data gathered by a law enforcement agency to any independent research or community based organization working to analyze school-based criminal behavior and the response to that behavior by the juvenile and criminal justice systems. The data provided must not include any information that would identify any individual student.

(III) The division shall annually post the report on its website.

(b) The division has the duty to prepare a retroactive report meeting the requirements of paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) using existing data sources for the 2013-14 and 2014-15 school years.

(c) The division is only required to perform the duties of this subsection (2) if existing appropriations or resources are available.

26-20-106. Documentation requirements for restraint and seclusion–adults and youth.

(1) Each agency shall ensure that the use of restraint or seclusion is documented in the record of the individual who was restrained or secluded. Each agency that is authorized to promulgate rules or adopt ordinances shall promulgate rules or adopt ordinances applicable to the agencies within their respective jurisdictions specifying the documentation requirements for purposes of this section.

(2) The division of youth services shall maintain the following documentation each time a youth is placed in seclusion as a result of an emergency in any secure state-operated or state-owned facility:

(a) The date of the occurrence;

(b) The race, age, and gender of the individual;

(c) The reason or reasons for seclusion, including a description of the emergency and the specific facts that demonstrate that the youth posed a serious, probable, and imminent threat of bodily harm to himself, herself, or others, and that there was a present ability to effect such bodily harm;

(d) A description of de-escalation measures taken by staff and the response, if any, of the youth in seclusion to those measures;

(e) An explanation of why less restrictive alternatives were unsuccessful;

(f) The total time in seclusion;

(g) Any incidents of self-harm or suicide that occurred while the youth was in seclusion;

(h) With respect to the interactions required by section 26-20-104.5, documentation of the justification for keeping the youth in seclusion and specific facts to demonstrate that the emergency was ongoing;

(i) The facility director or his or her designee's approval of continued seclusion at intervals as required by section 26-20-104.5;

(j) Documentation of notification within twelve hours to the parent, guardian, or legal custodian of the youth in seclusion as required by section 26-20-104.5; and

(k) The written approval by the director of the division of youth services for any seclusion that results from an emergency that extends beyond four consecutive hours, as required by section 26-20-104.5. This written approval must include documentation of specific facts to demonstrate that the emergency was ongoing and specific reasons why a referral to a mental health facility was not warranted.

(3) The division of youth services shall maintain the following documentation each time one or more youths are placed in confinement for administrative reasons pursuant to section 26-20-104.5 (3) in a secure state-operated or state-owned facility:

(a) The number of youth confined;

(b) The length of time the youth or youths were confined; and

(c) The reason or reasons for the confinement.

(4) On or before January 1, 2017, and on or before July 1, 2017, and every January 1 and July 1 thereafter, the division of youth services shall report on its use of restraint or seclusion in any secure state-operated or state-owned facility to the youth restraint and seclusion working group established in section 26-20-110. The January report must include information from March 1 through August 31, and the July report must include information from September 1 through the last day of February. The reports must include the following:

(a) An incident report on any use of seclusion on a youth due to an emergency for more than four consecutive hours, or for more than eight total hours in two consecutive calendar days. Each incident report must include length of seclusion, specific facts that demonstrate that the emergency was ongoing, any incidents of self-harm while in seclusion, the reasons why attempts to process the youth out of seclusion were unsuccessful, and any corrective measures taken to prevent lengthy or repeat periods of seclusion in the future. To protect the privacy of the youth, the division of youth services shall redact all private medical or mental health information and personal identifying information, including, if necessary, the facility at which the seclusion occurred.

(b) A report that lists the following aggregate information, both as combined totals and totals by facility for all secure state-operated or state-owned facilities:

(I) The total number of youths held in seclusion or restraint due to an emergency;

(II) The total number of incidents of seclusion or restraint due to an emergency;

(III) The average time in seclusion or restraint per incident;

(IV) An aggregate summary of race, age, and gender of youths held in seclusion or restraint; and

(V) The type of restraint or restraints used in each incident; and

(c) An incident report for any youth whom the division isolates from his or her peers for more than eight hours in two consecutive calendar days. Each incident report must include the age, race, and gender of the youth; the name of the facility; the length of time that the youth was isolated from his or her peers; and the justification for the isolation on an hour-by-hour basis. To protect the privacy of the youth, the division shall redact all private medical or mental health information and personal identifying information, including, if necessary, the facility at which the seclusion occurred. If the division has prepared an incident report of an incident involving seclusion pursuant to subsection (4)(a) of this section, the division is not required to include a report of the same incident pursuant to this subsection (4)(c).

(5) Reports prepared pursuant to this section must maintain the confidentiality of all youth. The reports made pursuant to this section are available to the public upon request.

(6) Prior to January 1, 2018, the division of youth services shall meet the requirements of this section to the extent that it is able using its current reporting mechanisms. The division of youth services shall fully comply with all requirements of this section on or before January 1, 2018.

26-20-107. Review of the use of restraint and seclusion.

An agency that utilizes restraint or seclusion shall ensure that a review process is established for the appropriate use of restraint or seclusion.

REGULATIONS

1 CCR 301-1. Section 11.0. Performance reporting.

11.05 Each school performance report shall include the following information concerning the operations and environment of the Public School that is the subject of the report:

(3) The occurrence of student conduct and discipline code violations reported pursuant to section 22- 32-109.1(2)(b), C.R.S., expressed as a number and as a percentage of the total occurrences of violations reported.

1 CCR 301-43. Rule for the administration of the expelled and at risk student services grant program

1.1 The statutory basis for these Rules is § 22-33-205.(2), C.R.S., Services for Expelled Students - Grants - Criteria. Statute requires the State Board of Education (state board) to promulgate rules to implement the grant program, including the application timeline, application requirements, and criteria for determining awards

4.0 Application requirements

Applications for funding under the grant program must include the following items.

4.1 The number of students at the applicant school or district during the school year preceding the school year who:

4.01(a) were expelled, as defined in section 22-33-203(2), C.R.S., from applicant district or school during the school year preceding the school year for which the grant is requested;

4.01(b) were identified as at risk of dropping out of school due to chronic absenteeism or displinary action as identified in section 22-33-202(1), C.R.S.; and/or

4.01(c) were identified as truant pursuant to sections 22-33-107(3) and 22-33-108(5), C.R.S.

4.2 The applicant's plan to provide educational services, attendance supports, and behavior interventions. The plan must address:

4.02(a) disproportionate discipline practices, chronic absenteeism, and alternatives to suspension and expulsion; and

4.02(b) effective attendance and discipline systems, which may include multi-tiered systems of support, positive behavior intervention models, or restorative justice practices as described in section 22-32-144, C.R.S.;

5.0 Grant requirements

The department and the state board shall use the following criteria in making recommendations for and awarding funding under the grant program.

5.1 The quality of student supports and services provided under the applicant's plan and the likelihood that the plan will achieve its intended results, including:

5.01(a) increasing academic success;

5.01(b) reducing chronic absenteeism;

5.01(c) decreasing conduct and discipline code violations;

5.01(d) increasing age-appropriate and developmentally appropriate discipline methods; and

5.01(e) increasing student and family engagement;

5.2 The number of expelled, at-risk, or chronically absent students who are receiving attendance and behavior interventions and educational services through the applicant under agreements entered into pursuant to the provisions of section 22-33-204, C.R.S., during the school year preceding the year for which the grant is requested;

1 CCR 301-78. Section 1.00. Statement of basis and purpose.

1.00 Statement of Basis and Purpose

This regulation is adopted pursuant to the authority in section 22-33-104 (4)(c), C.R.S. and is intended to be consistent with the requirements of the State Administrative Procedures Act, section 24-4-101 et seq. (the "APA"), C.R.S.

This regulation shall govern the standardized calculation for counting unexcused absences of students, including the circumstance in which a student is absent for part of a school day, and the format for reporting the number of students identified as habitually truant. Many research studies have concluded that truancy is a problem that impacts a student's ability to attain the maximum benefit from the education process. Families, schools and communities must work together to ensure regular daily and punctual school attendance. Students should be advised that each scheduled school day will count in their attendance records. Further, students are required to attend classes, unless excused for good reason, in accordance with the Colorado School Attendance Law (C.R.S. 22-33-101). The purpose of this regulation is to provide specificity for consistency in reporting attendance and truancy data across school districts and BOCES. This regulation intends to increase data accuracy by generating uniform indicators for aggregate excused and unexcused absences and habitually truant student numbers. Another purpose is to allow the usage of these indicators to leverage resources to support the complete success of children and youth in school.

1 CCR 301-78. Section 2.00. Definitions.

2.00 Definitions

(1) "Absences" means the scheduled school days or portions thereof missed by the student.

(2) "Attendance Period" means the period of time in which student attendance is recorded.

(3) "Attendance" is one collection of the Data Pipeline system to obtain attendance, excused and unexcused absences and habitually truant information.

(4) "Data Pipeline" means the state reporting system to collect, through electronic transfer where possible, all student and public school performance data as required by 22-7-603 C.R.S.

(5) "BOCES" means Boards of Cooperative Educational Services.

(6) "Department" means the Colorado Department of Education.

(7) "Excused Absence" means the student is absent for a reason as identified within the attendance policy set by local school board of education as declared in 22-33-104 (4)(a) C.R.S. which may include, but is not limited to, the following reasons: funerals, illness, injury, legal obligations, medical procedures and religious observations.

(8) "Habitually Truant" means a student who is at least the age of six on or before August 1 of the school year in question and under the age of seventeen years having four total days of unexcused absences from public school in any one calendar month or ten total days of unexcused absences from public school during the reported school year in congruence with C.R.S. 22-33-107(3)(a).

(9) "Level of Detail" means the most detailed data available for reporting purposes of attendance information.

(10) "Month" means a named calendar month regardless of the number of school days within each month.

(11) "Reported School Year" means the full school year as defined by the local school board of education.

(12) " Tardies " may be defined by local school district/BOCES board policy, generally meaning a student entering classes after the scheduled start time.

(13) "Truancy/Unexcused Absence" means a student is absent from school without a valid and verifiable excuse by the parent/guardian that is consistent with school or board policy as defined in 22-33-104 (4)(a) C.R.S. or the student leaves school or a class without permission of authorized school staff.

(14) "Unexcused Absence/Truancy" means a student is absent from school without a valid and verifiable excuse by the parent/guardian that is consistent with school or board policy as defined in 22-33-104 (4)(a) C.R.S. or the student leaves school or a class without permission of authorized school staff.

1 CCR 301-78. Section 3.00. Standardized calculation for counting absences for students.

3.00 Standardized Calculation for Counting Absences of Students

3.01 District/BOCES Uphold Written Attendance Policy.

(1) The local board of education shall adopt a written policy setting forth the district's or BOCES' attendance requirements. Said policy shall provide for Excused Absences, including those listed as exclusions from compulsory school attendance as declared in 22-33-104 (4)(a).

(2) The school district or BOCES shall uphold its written attendance policy. To ensure consistency in reporting attendance and Truancy data, districts and BOCES shall enforce uniform interpretations of the definitions of Excused Absences and Unexcused Absences across all schools within the school district or BOCES, according to the adopted district/BOCES attendance policy.

(3) The district/BOCES attendance policy shall be implemented in accordance with 22-33-107 C.R.S. which states that school district/BOCES policies shall include provisions for the development of a plan with the goal of assisting the child who is habitually truant to remain in school and when practicable, with the full participation of the child's parent, guardian or legal custodian.

3.02 Excused Versus Unexcused Absences.

3.02 (1) Excused Absences.

(1)(a) Excused Absences occur when the student is absent for an acceptable reason as identified within the attendance policy set by local school board of education as declared in 22-33-104 (4)(a) C.R.S. which may include, but is not limited to, the following reasons: funeral, illness, injury, legal obligation, medical procedure and religious observation.

(1)(b) Local schools may require appropriate documentation to verify excused absences.

(1)(c) Absences due to suspension or expulsion of a child shall be considered excused absences for purposes of calculating habitually truant students (22-33-107 (3)(a) C.R.S.).

(2) Unexcused Absences.

(2)(a) Unexcused Absences occur when the student is absent without a reason or for an unacceptable reason as identified within the attendance rules set by local school board of education policy as declared in 22-33-104 (4)(a) C.R.S.

(2)(b) If authorized school officials determine that the parent's excuse is not valid or verified, the absence shall be unexcused.

(2)(c) Unexcused Absences are used to calculate Truancy rates.

3.03 Aggregation of Absences.

(1) A district or BOCES, and its schools, shall report truancy/attendance data as specifically as its student information system (SIS) allows, i.e., by minutes, hours or by periods.

(2) At a minimum, attendance shall be recorded once during each scheduled school day.

(3) For Department reporting purposes, a student who is absent more than 50 percent of any Attendance Period during a scheduled school day shall be considered absent for that entire recorded and reported period. For the 2020-21 academic year, during any period during which students are participating in remote learning due to public health and safety requirements, students may be recorded as present when participating in that remote learning. Districts should record absences and attendance consistent with the district's attendance policy as it applies to these remote learning situations.

(4) For Department reporting purposes, a student who is present 50 percent or more of any Attendance Period during a scheduled school day shall be considered present for that entire recorded and reported period. For the 2020-21 academic year, during any period during which students are participating in remote learning due to public health and safety requirements, students may be recorded as present when participating in that remote learning. Districts should record absences and attendance consistent with the district's attendance policy as it applies to these remote learning situations.

(5) All units of time shall be summed and converted to the number of days absent for reporting to the Department.

(6) Student Excused Absences shall be totaled for each student utilizing the most specific Level of Detail collected and reported to the Department through the Attendance collection. When totaling this sum, the calculation shall include percentages of each student's scheduled instructional day as applicable.

(7) Student Unexcused Absences shall be totaled for each student utilizing the most specific Level of Detail collected and reported to the Department through the Attendance collection. When totaling this sum, the calculation shall include percentages of each student's scheduled instructional day as applicable.

3.04 Days Suspended/Expelled.

(1) Days suspended or expelled shall be totaled within the student Total Days Excused reported to the Department in accordance with 22-33-107 C.R.S. through the Attendance collection.

(2) Absences due to suspension or expulsion of a student shall not be totaled into the student Total Days Unexcused reported to the Department through Attendance collection.

(3) For expelled students enrolled in a district-sponsored or BOCES-sponsored expulsion program, attendance shall be taken and counted toward the school that administers the program or the student's school of record at the discretion of the district/BOCES. Absences for students in such programs shall be determined to be excused or unexcused in accordance with the rules in this document.

1 CCR 301-78. Section 4.00. Format for reporting habitually truant student data to the department.

4.00 Format for Reporting Habitually Truant Student Data to the Department

4.01 Habitually Truant.

(1) A Habitually Truant student is one who is at least the age of six on or before August 1 of the year in question and under the age of seventeen years having four total days of Unexcused Absences from public school in any one calendar Month or ten total days of Unexcused Absences from public school during the Reported School Year.

4.02 Habitually Truant Status.

(1) The status of a Habitually Truant student is calculated using the sum of Unexcused Absences converted to days and fractions of days.

(2) A student shall be reported as a Habitually Truant student if, at any time during the Reported School Year, their Unexcused Absences from public school in any one calendar Month equals or exceeds four total days. [...]

(3) A student shall be reported as a Habitually Truant student, if at any time during the Reported School Year, their Unexcused Absences from public school equals or exceeds ten total days.

4.03 Days Suspended/ Expelled.

(1) Student Absences due to suspension or expulsion shall be considered excused for purposes of determining student Truancy status (22-33-107 (3)(a) C.R.S.) and as such, shall not be included in the calculation of Habitually Truant status.

4.04 Tardies.

(1) Tardies shall not be included in the calculation of Habitually Truant students for Department reporting purposes.

4.05 Reporting Categories.

4.05 (1) Districts and BOCES shall report Habitually Truant students in each school during the entire Reported School Year. Each student will be reported only once in one of three categories.

(2) "Four or more days in any one month" indicates that the Habitually Truant student accrued four or more total days of Unexcused Absences from the reporting public school in any one calendar Month, but never accumulated ten or more total days Unexcused Absences from that public school during the Reported School Year.

(3) "Ten or more days in one school year" indicates that the Habitually Truant student accrued ten or more total days of Unexcused Absences from the reporting public school during the Reported School Year, but never accumulated four or more total days of Unexcused Absences from that public school in any one calendar Month.

(4) "Met both conditions" indicates that the Habitually Truant student accrued four or more total days of Unexcused Absences from the reporting public school in any one calendar Month and also accumulated ten or more total days Unexcused Absences from the same public school during the Reported School Year.

4.06 Data Collection.

(1) Districts and BOCES shall provide Habitually Truant student data in the Data Pipeline Attendance collection.

4.07 Beginning Date.

(1) Districts and BOCES shall provide Habitually Truant student data beginning with the 2009-2010 school year.

4.08 Duplication of Data.

(1) The Habitually Truant student counts provided may be duplicated across schools within a district or BOCES, and will be duplicated in state totals because of student mobility between schools and districts.

1 CCR 301-99. Section 5.00. Data collection and reporting.

5.0 Data Collection and Reporting

5.01 Each public school, facility school, and collaborative group of public schools and facility schools funded through the Bullying Prevention and Education Grant Program shall submit annually information to the Department describing the following:

5.01.1 The evidence-based best practices in bullying prevention that the applicant(s) implemented using the grant moneys;

5.01.2 The number and grade levels of students who participated in each of the bullying prevention practices or services provided;

5.01.3 The progress made by the participating public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools in including family and community partnering in school bullying prevention strategies;

5.01.4 The progress made by the participating public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools in adopting specific policies concerning bullying education and prevention;

5.01.5 The progress made by the participating public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools in implementing the evidence-based best practices in bullying prevention with fidelity; and

5.01.6 The progress made by the participating public schools, facility schools, and collaborative groups of public schools and facility schools in reducing the frequency of bullying as indicated by school surveys and other relevant measures.

5.02 On or before May 1, 2017, and each year thereafter as long as monies are available, the Department shall submit annually to the state board and to the education committees of the senate and house of representatives, or any successor committees, the following information regarding the administration of the program in the preceding year:

5.02.1 The number of grant recipients that received grants under the program;

5.02.2 The amount of each grant awarded to each grant recipient;

5.02.3 The average amount of each grant awarded under the program;

5.02.4 The number of pupils who are either enrolled at each public school of each grant recipient or receiving services through each facility school of each grant recipient; and

5.02.5 The source and amount of each gift, grant, and donation received by the Department for the implementation of the bullying prevention program, pursuant to section 22-93-105 (3)(b), C.R.S.

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